Internal combustion engine



July 19, 1932- H. J. scHARNAGE'L L'S@ INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 12, 1927 2 sheefs-sheet 1 INVENTOR July 19, 1932- H. J. scHARNAGEL 1,8679680 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 12, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 m HJW INVENTOR. /lmzam El 60h Patented `luly 19, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT ori-ICEv HERMAN J'. SCHARNAGEL, 0F TOMPKINSVILLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO SPERRY DE- VELOPMENT COMPANY, OF DOVER, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE COMBUSTION ENGINE Application filed May 12, 1927. Serial No. 190,688.

This invention relates to the structure of internal combustion engines, particularly engines of the multiple expansion, compound type, which comprise a pluralit of cylinders.

Thus in the Sperry compoun engine there is a structure comprising a low pressure cylinder and two high pressure cylinders. It is the object of this invention to provide a structure for such an` engine wherein all of the cylinders shall be cast together as a unit so that there will be avoided any necessity for joints between the cylinders and in addition the port connection between the low and high pressure cylinders may be made as short as possible to reduce the clearance in the low pressure cylinder to a minimum and thus increase the operating eliciency of the engine.

In compound engines of the type described, there is provided a transfer valve between the high and low pressure cylinders whereby the hot gases from the high pressure cylinder may be led into and further expanded within the 10W pressure cylinder. It is a further object of my invention to provide eficient though simple cooling means for this valve.

My invention also contemplates the provision of adequate and simplified cooling means for the cylinders and for the combustion chambers and cylinder heads.

A further object of my invention is the provision of an engine, such as described hereinbefore, wherein each of the parts may be readily and easily assembled.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent in the following detailed description thereof.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. l is a vertical section through a compound combustion engine embodying one 4o form of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a portion of modified form of engine disclosed. also in i5 ig. 4.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view through the Fig. 3 form of my invention taken on line 4 4 of Fig. `3.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on substantlally the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

sure cylinders H. P., the said high Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings there is disclosed an engine comprising a low pressure cylinder L. P. and two high prespressure cylinders communicating With the low pressure cylinders by way of a combustion chamber C. C., each of which passages is closed by a transfer valve V. Each of said combustion chambers is formed in a cylinder head C. I-I., and said cylinder heads and high and low pressure cylinders are cast integrally as a. single unit. For the purposes of assembly there is also cast With said single unit a flange. F projecting around the cylinders, and to said flange may be bolted the water jacket 10, said jacket being provided with stuling glands 11 at its lower end surrounding the cylinders. The cylinder heads are also enclosed within an upper housing 15, said housing being bolted also to the said flange F. Said housing may be conveniently formed of two parts, one of which is the main portion bolted to flange F and the other of which is a detachable stuffing plate 16 which supports the various valve cages V. C. The valve cages may be supported also in supporting plates 17.

The cooling system in the Figs. 1 and 2 form of the device may include a main source of fluid supply (not shown) which enters the jacket 10 near the base thereof through any suitable opening, rises in said jacket t0 cool the cylinders and housing 15 by way of a plurality of orifices 20. The said fluid then cools the cylinder heads and is returned to the source of supply through any suitable opening near the upper enters into the upper end of the cylinder head. A separate source of cooling fluid is preferably employed for cooling the transfer valves V. Said independent source of supply may enter through inlets 25 (see Fig. 2),.thence into passage 26 formed in a groove in the cylinder head surrounding the transfer valve, said groove being enclosed by a suitable enclosing plate 27. The said plate 27 terminates just short of the inlet 25 to provide a port 30 whereby the fluid utilized to cool the transfer valve may enter the upper housing 15 to unite .with the fluid which has been employed to cool the cylinders and discharge therewith.

The inlet 25 is preferably formed as shown in Fig. 5 in two parts, one of .which 25 is formed inthe lower jacket 10 and cooperates with an orifice 25 in the cover 27. The

cooperation of the orifices 25 and 25 isn easily arranged in the assembling of the en- In Figs. 3, 4 and 5 I have disclosed a somewhat different system of cooling wherein instead of employing two sources of cooling iiuid, one for lthe cylinders and one for the transfer valves, I employ but a single source which enters by way of inlet 25 and is directed completely around the transfer valves by caused to. cool the cylinders and thence by way of ports 20 enters the upper housing and is discharged therefrom.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have herein described the principle and operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodimentihereof, but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means. Also, while it is designed to use the various features and elements in the combination and relations described, some of these may be altered and others omitted without interfering with the more general results outlined, and the invention extends to such use.

Having described my invention, what I claim` and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders and cylinder heads, a cooling jacket for said cylinders, a cooling jacket for said cylinder heads, a valve 'in each cylinder head, there being a groove surround ing' said valves, means for enclosing said grooves to form cooling jackets for said valves, and means for .directing fluid from said valve jackets after cooling said valves into said cylinder jacket for cooling said cylinder.

2. In an internal combustion engine having' a plurality of cylinders and cylinder heads, a cooling jacket for said cylinders, a cooling jacket for said cylinder heads, a valve in each cylinder head, there being a groove surrounding said valves, means for enclosing said grooves to form cooling jackets for said valves, means for directing Huid from said valve jackets after cooling said valves into said cylinder jacket for cooling said cylinder, and means for further directing said cooling fluid from said cylinder jacket into said cylinder head jacket.

3. In an internal combustion engine having f a plurality of cylinders and cylinder heads, a

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